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Mathematics of Finance - 1000 Foot View

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Future Value of a Lumpsum
 

Future Value of a Lumpsum Investment Formula
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Annuities - Recurring Payments
 

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Amortisation - Loan Installments
 

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Present Value of escalating annuity

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Future value of escalating annuity

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Effective rate of return

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Internal rate of return

Formula for calculating Internal Rate of Return IRR
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Net present value

Formula for calculating the net present value NPV
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Yield to maturity

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Current Yield

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Yield to Call

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Generating a return on your investments is the prime reason why you are investing. Naturally, you would like to measure these returns. Measurements form the basis for other actions such as portfolio construction, liability modelling, attribution analysis and risk management, among others.
 

Formula for Holding Period Return
Holding Period Return

Measures the relative change of an investments net asset value over the time period under consideration. It can be calcualted over various time horizons.

 

Formula for Annualized Return
Annualising Return

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Aggregation of returns
Aggregation of returns

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Formula for Compounding Return
Compounding

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Formula Continuous Compounding
Continuous compounding

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Formual for Artihmetic Average Return
Arithmetic Mean versus Geometric Mean

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Central tendency statistics

Central Tendency Statistics
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Gains versus losses

Formula for calculating gain versus loss ratio
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Range and Location

Range and Location
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Mean
 

Formula for Calculating the Mean
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Variance
 

Formula for calculating Variance
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Volatility
 

Formula for calculating Volatility or Standard Deviation
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Skewness
 

Formula for calculating Skewness
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Kurtosis
 

Formula for calculating Kurtosis
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Mathematics of Risk Management
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Downside risk measures
 

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Value at Risk
 

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Monte Carlo Simulation
 

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Stress testing and scenario analysis
 

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Style, Clusters and Classifications
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Single Factor Models
 

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Multi-Factor Models
 

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Simple Regression Analysis

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Multiple Linear regression

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Covariance and correlation
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Scatter Plot
 

 
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Mu-Sigma
 

 
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Snail Trail
 

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Risk-adjusted performance measures
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Sharp Ratio
 

Formula for calculating the Sharpe Ratio of a Portfolio
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Treynor Ratio
 

Formula for calculating Treynor Ratio
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Jensen Alpha
 

Formula for Calculating Jensen Alpha
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M Performance Measure
 

Calculating M Squared Ratio
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Sortino Ratio
 

Formula for calculating the Sortino Ratio
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Information Ratio
 

Formula for Calculating the Information Ratio
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